定语从句
引导定语从句的关系代词有
that,which,who
(宾格
whom
),所有格
whose
)和关系副词
where
when
why
等,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分,关系代词
that
,
which,who,whom
等在从句中分别
作主语或宾语
,
whose
在从句中作
定语
,而关系副词
when,where,why
等在从句中作
状语
。
①
I
will
never
forget
the
days
when/in
which
we
worked
together.
②
I
will
never
forget
the
days
which/that
we
spent
together.
解析
在句
①
中,表示时间的名词
the
days
在从句中充当的是状语,所以用关系副词
when
来代指,引导定语从句修饰先行词
the
days
;
而在句
②
中,表示时间的名词
the
days
在从句中充当的是动词
spent
的宾语,所以用关系代词
that
或
which
来代指。
同样,表示
地点或原因的名词
如果在从句中
作状语
,则用关系副词
where
或
why
来代指;如果在从句中作动词的
宾语
,
则用
which
或
that
来代替。
①
This
is
the
factory
where/in
which
I
worked.
(作状语)
②
This
is
the
factory
that/which
I
visited
years
ago.
(作宾语)
注:
当先行词为
time,reason,
place
时,引导词可以省略。
①
This
was
the
first
(when/what)
I
had
serious
trouble
with
my
boss.
②
That
is
the
reason
(why)
I
did
it.
③
This
is
the
place
(where)
we
met
yesterday.
另外,
定语从句中谓语动词数应与先行词数一致。
①
Mr.
Jackson
is
the
only
foreigner
that
is
present
at
the
party.
②
He
is
one
of
the
students
who
were
praised
by
the
teacher.
解析
在句
①
中,先行词
foreigner
被
only
修饰,强调只有一个,所以从句中谓语动词用单数形式。
而在句
②
中,
who
引导的定语从句修饰先行词
the
students
,为复数,所以从句谓语动词应为复数。
名词性从句中的易错点
*that
引导的定语从句与同位语从句
定语从句与前面的的名词是
修饰与被修饰的关系
,
“……
的名词
”
,而
同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。
与
that
从句同位的名词必须是一些
表示事实或概念的抽象名词
,如:
fact,news,belief,truth,reply
等。
That
在定语从句中
必须作成分
,
可用
whic
高中英语语法填空6个易错点整理