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初中英语必会语法:动词的分类

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1.
2. go, come, happen, lie, listen, rise,
arrive, hall say, raise, lay, find, buy
3. study, sing, speak
Who is going to speak at the meeting?
(speak
)Few people outside China speak Chinese.
(speak
)
4. know,
wash
Its your turn to wash dishes.
I had to wash and dress in a
hurry.
穿
5.
listen, reply, wait, look
1. be
isamarewaswerehave / has been
He is a teacher.
We are Chinese.
2. look( ) feel( smell(
) sound( ) taste( )
She looked tired.
I feel ill.
Themedicine tasted terrible.
3. ,意 turn(
) grow( ) get( ) go( )
become get go be grow turn
become get
go badblindhungry
be 使 grow
, turn
I was caught in the rain and I became ill.
He has got rich.
The sandwich has gone bad.
He will be
a scientist in the future.
My little brother
has grown much taller in the past year.
Her face turned red after her mother criticized her.
1. be (am, is, are, was, were,
been, being) have (has, had, having) shall
(should) will (would) do (does, did)
2.
shall, will, should,
would
1. can (could), may (might), must, shall (should), will
(would), dare (dared), need have to had better
使
2. can ,
,常 can may。情 can
could cannot cantcould could not
couldnt
Can I help you?
He can swim.
That cant be Mr Li.
3. may may Certainly
Yes, you may. cant mustnt
May I ask you a question?Certainly.
You may go now.
It may be in your pocket.
4. must 。表 mustnt;表
cant
We must be very careful when we cross the road.
It must be Jack.
I havent seen Kate today. She cant
be here.
,
must( ) must neednt
must( ) must cant
Must we clean the room before we leave? Yes, you must. / No, you
neednt.
/
Must she be in the room? Yes, she must. / No, she cant.
/
5. have to have to ++have
to +not+have to neednt
Do you have to stay until 8 oclock?
8
You dont have
to do so. (=You neednt do so.)
6. shall ,
Shall we go to the zoo this weekend?
He
shall bring his own book next time.
7. should
We should speak to old people politely.
8. will
Will you please close the door for me?
I will
teach you a lesson.
9. would
He would sit near the fire every time he returned home.
would ,
will I would like to
Would you like to have a rest at the moment?
would
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一、实义动词 1. 英语的实义动词又可分为 及物动词 和 不及物动词 两大类:后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的叫及物动词;本身意义完整,后面不需跟宾语的叫不及物动词。 2. 有些动词通常只作不及物动词。如: go, come, happen, lie, listen, rise, arrive, hall 等。有些动词通常用作及物动词。如: say, raise, lay, find, buy 等。 3. 大多数动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。如: study, sing, speak 等。例如: Who is going to  speak  at the meeting? 谁打算在会上发言? (speak 作不及物动词 )Few people outside China  speak  Chinese. 在中国以外很少人讲汉语。 (speak 作及物动词 ) 4. 有些动词作及物动词与作不及物动词时的意义有所不同。如: know, wash 等。例如: It’s your turn to  wash  dishes. 轮到你洗碗了。 I had to  wash  and dress in a hurry.  我得赶紧洗漱穿衣。 5. 有些动词常和介词、副词或其它词类一起构成固定词组,形成短语动词。如: listen, reply, wait, look 等。 二、连系动词 连系动词用来连接主语和表语,连系动词后面常为形容词。 1. 表示 “ 是 ” 的动词 be 。这个词在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式, is , am , are , was , were , have / has been 等要特别予以注意。例如: He is a teacher.  他是个教师。 We are Chinese.  我们是中国人。 2. 表示 “ 感觉 ” 的词,如 look( 看起来 ) , feel( 觉得,摸起来), smell( 闻起来 ) , sound( 听起来 ) , taste( 尝起来 ) 等。例如: She  looked  tired.  她看一去很疲劳。 I  feel  ill.  我觉得不舒服。 Themedicine tasted terrible.  这药太难吃了。 3. 有些连系动词来源于实义动词,意思也跟着变化: turn( 翻转、转动 → 变得 ) 、 grow( 生长 → 变得 ) 、 get( 得到、到达 → 变得 ) 、 go( 去 → 变得 ) ,所不同的是,作为实义动词时,后面不能跟形容词。 【注】 become 、 get 、 go 、 be 、 grow 、 turn 的用法区别: become 表示 “ 变成 ” ,比较正式,通常不用将来时表示动作已经完成。 get 也表示动作已经完成,但是更加口语化,通常表示温度、时间、岁数等 变化。 go 表示 “ 变得 ” ,常见于某些短语中,后面常有形容词 bad 、 blind 、 hungry 等。 be 表示 “ 是、成为、当 ” ,多用于将来时、祈使句或不定式中。 grow 表示 “ 变得 ” ,常指逐渐的变化 , 表示身高、岁数的增长。 turn 表示 “ 变得 ” ,指变为与
初中英语必会语法:动词的分类